---
title: «why isn't there a super-lion that eats lions» What is the best answ… — Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters… · tree and pragmatics
description: «why isn't there a super-lion that eats lions» What is the best answer? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why isn't there a super-lion that eats lions» What is the best answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** lion, best answer · **What happens:** not be, eat, be · **To what, where:** lions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/46-food-chains/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:t3:1
# text = «why isn't there a super-lion that eats lions» What is the best answer?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	super	super	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
14	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	parataxis	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	18	amod	_	_
18	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | a lion |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** *in a quote* | present | a lion | lions |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the best answer |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions are too fast and too strong for anything to catch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:t3:o1:1
# text = Lions are too fast and too strong for anything to catch
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Lions |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Lions *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for anything | tree rules |
| 3 | **catch** | to-infinitive | Lions *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too little energy is left at the top of a chain to feed it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:t3:o2:1
# text = Too little energy is left at the top of a chain to feed it
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | little energy |  | the top of a chain |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at top=Location |
| 2 | **feed** | to-infinitive |  | energy |  |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions are poisonous

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:t3:o3:1
# text = Lions are poisonous
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Lions |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is one, but it hides really well in caves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:t3:o4:1
# text = There is one, but it hides really well in caves
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hides	hide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	really	really	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | one |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | present | it |  |  | caves |  | well *property* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cave=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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