---
title: A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time. How did it… — Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, b… · tree and pragmatics
description: A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time. How did it find the way? Test 8 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice 
---

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# Test 8 · Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time. How did it find the way?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** monarch butterfly, butterfly · **What happens:** arrive, find · **To what, where:** Mexico, way

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 of lesson 48 «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:1
# text = A monarch butterfly arrives in Mexico for the first time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | present | a monarch butterfly |  |  | Mexico | time |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How did it find the way?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:2
# text = How did it find the way?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · do-support | butterfly | the way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Using the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:o1:1
# text = Using the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there
1	Using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	inner	inner	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
14	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | gerund |  | the Sun and a inner clock |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present · perfect | clock |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its parents flew with it last year and showed it the way

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:o2:1
# text = Its parents flew with it last year and showed it the way
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | Its parents |  |  |  | year | with it | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | past | Its parents *not said here* | it |  |  |  | the way *obl:unmarked* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It followed a map left by other butterflies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:o3:1
# text = It followed a map left by other butterflies
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | past | It | a map |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | participle |  | a map *not said here* |  |  |  | by other butterflies | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by butterfly=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It asked the birds on the way

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:48-life-cycles-metamorphosis:t8:o4:1
# text = It asked the birds on the way
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | It |  | the birds | the way |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent bird=Recipient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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