---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The desert: living with little water · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contents of the hump of a camel? Exam question 1 of lesson 5 «The desert: living with little water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 1 · The desert: living with little water

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contents of the hump of a camel?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** contents

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «The desert: living with little water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/5-the-desert/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:5-the-desert:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contents of the hump of a camel?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	contents	contents	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	camel	camel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the contents of the hump of a camel |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hump constitutes a mass of bone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:5-the-desert:e1:o1:1
# text = The hump constitutes a mass of bone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the hump | a mass of bone |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mass=Pivot |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hump constitutes a reserve of fat upon which the animal may subsist when nourishment is scarce

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:5-the-desert:e1:o2:1
# text = The hump constitutes a reserve of fat upon which the animal may subsist when nourishment is scarce
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reserve	reserve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	subsist	subsist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	17	mark	_	_
15	nourishment	nourishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	scarce	scarce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the hump | a reserve of fat |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme reserve=Pivot |
| 2 | **subsist** | may | the animal |  |  |  |  | upon fat | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | nourishment |  |  |  |  | scarce *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hump constitutes a reservoir of water from which the animal drinks in the course of a long journey

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:5-the-desert:e1:o3:1
# text = The hump constitutes a reservoir of water from which the animal drinks in the course of a long journey
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reservoir	reservoir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	drinks	drink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the hump | a reservoir of water |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme reservoir=Pivot |
| 2 | **drink** | present | the animal |  |  | a reservoir of water |  | in the course of a long journey | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from which=Source |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hump constitutes a cavity filled with air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:5-the-desert:e1:o4:1
# text = The hump constitutes a cavity filled with air
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cavity	cavity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the hump | a cavity |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cavity=Pivot |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | a cavity *not said here* |  |  |  | with air | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with air=Instrument |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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