---
title: «dolphins don't have names, they're animals» What did studies show? — How animals talk · tree and pragmatics
description: «dolphins don't have names, they're animals» What did studies show? Test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 10 · ★★★ · How animals talk

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«dolphins don't have names, they're animals» What did studies show?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** dolphins, studies · **What happens:** not have, be, show · **To what, where:** names, animals

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/50-how-animals-talk/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:50-how-animals-talk:t10:1
# text = «dolphins don't have names, they're animals» What did studies show?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	obj	_	_
13	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	studies	study	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | present · do-support | dolphins | names |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | dolphins *= dolphin* | animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | past · do-support | studies | animals |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only captive dolphins have names

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:50-how-animals-talk:t10:o1:1
# text = Only captive dolphins have names
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | captive dolphins | names |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each bottlenose dolphin has a signature whistle, a bit like a name

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:50-how-animals-talk:t10:o2:1
# text = Each bottlenose dolphin has a signature whistle, a bit like a name
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	bottlenose	bottlenose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	signature	signature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	whistle	whistle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each bottlenose dolphin | a signature whistle |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whistle=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dolphins use human names they hear on boats

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:50-how-animals-talk:t10:o3:1
# text = Dolphins use human names they hear on boats
1	Dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Dolphins |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hear** | present | human names |  |  | boats |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Right, dolphins cannot tell each other apart at all, they all sound alike

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:50-how-animals-talk:t10:o4:1
# text = Right, dolphins cannot tell each other apart at all, they all sound alike
1	Right	right	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	6	obj	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	fixed	_	_
9	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	advmod	_	_
15	sound	sound	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	alike	alike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | can | dolphins | each |  | all |  | apart *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent each=Recipient |
| 2 | **sound** | present | dolphins *= dolphin* |  |  |  |  | alike *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [How animals talk, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/50-how-animals-talk/t9/)
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