---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pelage of the polar bear? Exam question 2 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Exam question 2 · How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pelage of the polar bear?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** pelage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/51-how-animals-hide/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:51-how-animals-hide:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pelage of the polar bear?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pelage	pelage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the pelage of the polar bear |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hairs are white and the underlying skin is white

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:51-how-animals-hide:e2:o1:1
# text = The hairs are white and the underlying skin is white
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	underlying	underlying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the hairs |  |  |  |  | white *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the underlying skin |  |  |  |  | white *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hairs are solid and the skin is pink

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:51-how-animals-hide:e2:o2:1
# text = The hairs are solid and the skin is pink
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the hairs |  |  |  |  | solid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the skin |  |  |  |  | pink *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hairs are clear and hollow, and the skin beneath is black

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:51-how-animals-hide:e2:o3:1
# text = The hairs are clear and hollow, and the skin beneath is black
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	beneath	beneath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the hairs |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the hairs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | the skin beneath |  |  |  |  | black *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hairs are black and appear white by reflection of snow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:51-how-animals-hide:e2:o4:1
# text = The hairs are black and appear white by reflection of snow
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the hairs |  |  |  |  | black *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **appear** | present | the hairs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by reflection of snow; white *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by reflection=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/51-how-animals-hide/e1/)
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