---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — How animals hunt · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the luminous lure of the female anglerfish. Exam question 3 of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 3 · How animals hunt

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the luminous lure of the female anglerfish.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern · **To what, where:** response, luminous lure

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the luminous lure of the female anglerfish.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	luminous	luminous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	lure	lure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	anglerfish	anglerfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the luminous lure of the female anglerfish |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus lure=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It serves exclusively to frighten larger predators

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:e3:o1:1
# text = It serves exclusively to frighten larger predators
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	frighten	frighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | It |  |  |  |  | exclusively *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **frighten** | to-infinitive |  | larger predators |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus predator=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It discharges electricity to stun passing vessels

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:e3:o2:1
# text = It discharges electricity to stun passing vessels
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	discharges	discharge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	stun	stun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discharge** | present | It | electricity |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme |
| 2 | **stun** | to-infinitive |  | passing vessels |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus vessel=Experiencer |
| 3 | **pass** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its light is produced by bacteria and attracts prey in darkness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:e3:o3:1
# text = Its light is produced by bacteria and attracts prey in darkness
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:agent	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	attracts	attract	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present · passive | bacteria | Its light |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
| 2 | **attract** | present | bacteria *not said here* | prey |  | darkness |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Patient |
| 3 | **light** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is illuminated by moonlight reflected downward from the surface

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:e3:o4:1
# text = It is illuminated by moonlight reflected downward from the surface
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	moonlight	moonlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	downward	downward	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **illuminate** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |
| 2 | **reflect** | past | moonlight |  |  | the surface |  | downward *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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