---
title: After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hye… — How animals hunt · tree and pragmatics
description: After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up. What often happens next? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · How animals hunt

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up. What often happens next?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cheetah, hyenas · **What happens:** lie, pant, trot up, happen · **To what, where:** catch

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:1
# text = After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	chase	chase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	panting	pant	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	next	next	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	catch	catch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	trot	trot	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | a cheetah |  |  |  | after a long chase |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pant** | gerund | a cheetah *not said here* |  | cheetah's catch |  |  | next *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to catch=Recipient |
| 3 | **trot up** | present | hyenas |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What often happens next?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:2
# text = What often happens next?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	often	often	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	next	next	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present |  |  |  |  |  | next, often *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyenas help drag it home

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:o1:1
# text = The hyenas help drag it home
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	drag	drag	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	home	home	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the hyenas |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **drag** | infinitive | the hyenas *not said here* | it |  |  |  | home *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyenas steal its catch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:o2:1
# text = The hyenas steal its catch
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	steal	steal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	catch	catch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steal** | present | the hyenas | its catch |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location catch=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheetah chases them off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:o3:1
# text = The cheetah chases them off
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chases	chase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase off** | present | the cheetah | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyenas wait politely for scraps

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:52-how-animals-hunt:t3:o4:1
# text = The hyenas wait politely for scraps
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wait	wait	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	politely	politely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	scraps	scrap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | present | the hyenas |  |  |  |  | for scraps; politely *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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