---
title: What would happen to swallows if winter in Europe still had plenty o… — Migration: the great journeys · tree and pragmatics
description: What would happen to swallows if winter in Europe still had plenty of flying insects? Test 11 · ★★ of lesson 54 «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · ★★ · Migration: the great journeys

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What would happen to swallows if winter in Europe still had plenty of flying insects?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** winter · **What happens:** happen, have, fly · **To what, where:** plenty

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 54 «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:54-migration-the-great-journeys:t11:1
# text = What would happen to swallows if winter in Europe still had plenty of flying insects?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
12	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	amod	_	_
15	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  |  |  | to swallows | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | winter in Europe | plenty of flying insects |  |  | still |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plenty=Patient |
| 3 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They would turn into a different kind of bird

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:54-migration-the-great-journeys:t11:o1:1
# text = They would turn into a different kind of bird
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | would | They |  |  | a different kind of bird |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into kind=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, they leave for fun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:54-migration-the-great-journeys:t11:o2:1
# text = Nothing, they leave for fun
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | they |  |  |  |  | for fun; Nothing *vocative* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for fun=Recipient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some might stay instead of making the dangerous journey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:54-migration-the-great-journeys:t11:o3:1
# text = Some might stay instead of making the dangerous journey
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	6	mark	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | might | Some |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | Some *not said here* | the dangerous journey |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset journey=Product |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They would fly even further south than before, all the way to the ice

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:54-migration-the-great-journeys:t11:o4:1
# text = They would fly even further south than before, all the way to the ice
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	even	even	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	further	further	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	south	south	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	before	before	ADV	RB	_	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | would | They | all way |  |  |  | to the ice *result*; south *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to ice=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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