---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fr… — Seeds and fruit and how they travel · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fruit as defined by botanists? Exam question 2 of lesson 59 «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choic
---

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# Exam question 2 · Seeds and fruit and how they travel

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fruit as defined by botanists?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, define · **To what, where:** fruit

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 59 «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fruit as defined by botanists?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	defined	define	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	botanists	botanist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a fruit |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **define** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by botanists | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any part of a plant that tastes sweet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:e2:o1:1
# text = Any part of a plant that tastes sweet
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	tastes	taste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | present | a plant |  |  |  |  | sweet *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leaf modified for storage of sugar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:e2:o2:1
# text = A leaf modified for storage of sugar
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	modified	modify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	storage	storage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **modify** | participle |  | a leaf *not said here* |  |  |  | for storage of sugar | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **store** |  |  | sugar |  |  |  |  | nom storage «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The structure developed from the flower and enclosing the seeds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:e2:o3:1
# text = The structure developed from the flower and enclosing the seeds
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	developed	develop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	enclosing	enclose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **develop** | participle |  | the structure *not said here* |  |  |  | from the flower | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from flower=Patient |
| 2 | **enclose** | gerund |  | the seeds |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme seed=Co-Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any edible part of a plant grown underground in the manner of the potato

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:e2:o4:1
# text = Any edible part of a plant grown underground in the manner of the potato
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	edible	edible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	underground	underground	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  | a plant *not said here* |  | the manner of the potato |  | underground *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in manner=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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