---
title: How might a seed that waits a long time help a plant survive bad yea… — Seeds and fruit and how they travel · tree and pragmatics
description: How might a seed that waits a long time help a plant survive bad years? Test 11 of lesson 59 «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · Seeds and fruit and how they travel

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How might a seed that waits a long time help a plant survive bad years?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** seed, plant · **What happens:** wait, help, survive · **To what, where:** plant

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 59 «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:t11:1
# text = How might a seed that waits a long time help a plant survive bad years?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	waits	wait	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
14	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | present | a seed |  |  |  | time |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | present | a seed | a plant |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent plant=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **survive** | infinitive | a plant *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It can sprout later, when the drought or cold is over

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:t11:o1:1
# text = It can sprout later, when the drought or cold is over
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	sprout	sprout	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	drought	drought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprout** | can | It |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **is** | present | the drought or cold |  |  |  |  | over *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It can't, waiting always kills seeds after a year or two in the soil

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:t11:o2:1
# text = It can't, waiting always kills seeds after a year or two in the soil
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	nsubj	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	kills	kill	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **wait** | can | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **kill** | present |  | seeds |  | the soil | year | always *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It keeps the parent plant alive

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:t11:o3:1
# text = It keeps the parent plant alive
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | It | the parent plant |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It turns into a new kind of plant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel:t11:o4:1
# text = It turns into a new kind of plant
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | It |  |  | a new kind of plant |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into kind=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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