---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the Sun remains visible at a… — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the Sun remains visible at a late hour in northern Norway during midsummer. Exam question 2 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a
---

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# Exam question 2 · The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the Sun remains visible at a late hour in northern Norway during midsummer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Sun · **What happens:** identify, remain · **To what, where:** principal reason, northern Norway

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/6-the-arctic/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the Sun remains visible at a late hour in northern Norway during midsummer.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
10	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
18	during	during	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	midsummer	midsummer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **remain** | present | the Sun |  |  | northern Norway | during midsummer | for the principal reason; visible *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in norway=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clocks of Norway are improperly adjusted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e2:o1:1
# text = The clocks of Norway are improperly adjusted
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	improperly	improperly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	adjusted	adjust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjust** | present · passive |  | the clocks of Norway |  |  |  | improperly *property* | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sun approaches nearer to Norway during summer than to any other country of Europe

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e2:o2:1
# text = The Sun approaches nearer to Norway during summer than to any other country of Europe
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	approaches	approach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **approach** | present | the Sun |  |  | Norway | summer | than any other country of Europe; near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to norway=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The axis of the Earth is inclined, whereby the far north is directed towards the Sun

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e2:o3:1
# text = The axis of the Earth is inclined, whereby the far north is directed towards the Sun
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	inclined	inclined	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	far	far	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	directed	direct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
15	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the axis of the Earth |  |  |  |  | inclined *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **direct** | present · passive |  | the far north |  |  |  | towards the Sun; whereby *property* | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Norway is situated nearer to the Sun than any other country

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e2:o4:1
# text = Norway is situated nearer to the Sun than any other country
1	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | present · passive |  | Norway |  |  |  | to the Sun; than any other country; near *property* | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/6-the-arctic/)