---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the alleged mass suicide of lemmings. Exam question 3 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of eac
---

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# Exam question 3 · The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the alleged mass suicide of lemmings.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, allege · **To what, where:** response, alleged mass suicide

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/6-the-arctic/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the alleged mass suicide of lemmings.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	alleged	allege	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
12	mass	mass	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	suicide	suicide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the alleged mass suicide of lemmings |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus suicide=Experiencer |
| 4 | **allege** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lemmings leap from cliffs in great numbers each winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e3:o1:1
# text = Lemmings leap from cliffs in great numbers each winter
1	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leap	leap	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | present | Lemmings |  |  | cliffs | winter | in great numbers | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from cliff=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lemmings leap from cliffs only in years of abundance, when their numbers exceed the food

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e3:o2:1
# text = Lemmings leap from cliffs only in years of abundance, when their numbers exceed the food
1	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leap	leap	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	abundance	abundance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	exceed	exceed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | present | Lemmings |  |  | cliffs | year |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from cliff=Trajectory |
| 2 | **exceed** | present | Lemmings's numbers | the food |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot food=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The notion is a myth, reinforced by a film of 1958 in which the scene was contrived

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e3:o3:1
# text = The notion is a myth, reinforced by a film of 1958 in which the scene was contrived
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	notion	notion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	reinforced	reinforce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1958	1958	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	contrived	contrive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the notion | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reinforce** | participle |  | a myth *not said here* |  |  |  | by a film of 1958 | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **contrive** | past · passive |  | the scene |  | a film of 1958 |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The phenomenon has been observed by every Arctic explorer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:e3:o4:1
# text = The phenomenon has been observed by every Arctic explorer
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	explorer	explorer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | present · perfect · passive | every Arctic explorer | the phenomenon |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/6-the-arctic/e2/)
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