---
title: «lemmings all jump off cliffs, saw it in an old film» What is right? — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be… · tree and pragmatics
description: «lemmings all jump off cliffs, saw it in an old film» What is right? Test 3 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«lemmings all jump off cliffs, saw it in an old film» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** lemmings, old film · **What happens:** jump off, see, be · **To what, where:** cliffs, it, old film

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/6-the-arctic/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:t3:1
# text = «lemmings all jump off cliffs, saw it in an old film» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	jump	jump	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump off** *in a quote* | present | lemmings | cliffs |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cliff=Trajectory |
| 2 | **see** *in a quote* | past | lemmings *not said here* | it |  | a old film |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present | a old film |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
True: they really think that they can fly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:t3:o1:1
# text = True: they really think that they can fly
1	True	true	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | can | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A myth: that 1958 film faked the scene

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:t3:o2:1
# text = A myth: that 1958 film faked the scene
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	1958	1958	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	faked	fake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fake** | past | a myth and that 1958 film | the scene |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scene=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
True: they all do it every single winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:t3:o3:1
# text = True: they all do it every single winter
1	True	true	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nsubj	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | they | True |  |  | winter |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
True, but only young lemmings do it in spring

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:6-the-arctic:t3:o4:1
# text = True, but only young lemmings do it in spring
1	True	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | young lemmings | it |  |  | spring |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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