---
title: in that cartoon the trees are lonely and don't talk at all. true? — Trees · tree and pragmatics
description: in that cartoon the trees are lonely and don't talk at all. true? Test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 8 · ★★★ · Trees

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
in that cartoon the trees are lonely and don't talk at all. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** trees · **What happens:** be, not talk · **To what, where:** cartoon, all

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/60-trees/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:60-trees:t8:1
# text = in that cartoon the trees are lonely and don't talk at all. true?
1	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	do	do	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
15	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the trees |  |  | that cartoon |  | lonely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **talk** | infinitive · do-support | the trees *not said here* |  |  | all |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **be** |  | the trees *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees chat using sounds we can't hear, and it has all been proven by scientists

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:60-trees:t8:o1:1
# text = Trees chat using sounds we can't hear, and it has all been proven by scientists
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chat	chat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	all	all	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chat** *speech: other* | present | Trees |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | Trees *not said here* | sounds |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **hear** | can | we | sounds *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
| 4 | **prove** | present · perfect · passive | scientists | it |  |  |  | all *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roots are linked by fungi that trade water and food, though how much is argued

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:60-trees:t8:o2:1
# text = Roots are linked by fungi that trade water and food, though how much is argued
1	Roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	linked	link	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fungi	fungus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	trade	trade	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
14	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	argued	argue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **link** | present · passive | fungi | Roots |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **trade** | present | fungi | water and food |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 3 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present · passive |  | much |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees send messages through their leaves to the clouds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:60-trees:t8:o3:1
# text = Trees send messages through their leaves to the clouds
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	send	send	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | present | Trees | messages |  | Trees's leaves |  | to the clouds | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to cloud=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, trees have no links at all with anything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:60-trees:t8:o4:1
# text = Yes, trees have no links at all with anything
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	links	link	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | trees | no links |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent link=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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