---
title: the yoghurt says live cultures on it, is it gone off? — Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good a… · tree and pragmatics
description: the yoghurt says live cultures on it, is it gone off? Test 9 · ★★ of lesson 63 «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 9 · ★★ · Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the yoghurt says live cultures on it, is it gone off?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** yoghurt · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** live cultures, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 63 «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses:t9:1
# text = the yoghurt says live cultures on it, is it gone off?
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	yoghurt	yoghurt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	live	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cultures	culture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
12	off	off	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the yoghurt | live cultures |  | it |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent culture=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | yoghurt |  |  |  |  | go *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it means it was made yesterday

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses:t9:o1:1
# text = No, it means it was made yesterday
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
8	yesterday	yesterday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | past · passive |  | it |  |  | yesterday |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it means it is alive and will grow out of the pot if you leave it

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses:t9:o2:1
# text = Yes, it means it is alive and will grow out of the pot if you leave it
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow out** | future |  | the pot |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pot=Theme |
| 4 | **leave** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | pot |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, live cultures are the friendly bacteria that made the yoghurt

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses:t9:o3:1
# text = No, live cultures are the friendly bacteria that made the yoghurt
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	live	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cultures	culture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	yoghurt	yoghurt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | live cultures | the friendly bacteria |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | the friendly bacteria | the yoghurt |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yoghurt=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is full of bad germs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses:t9:o4:1
# text = Yes, it is full of bad germs
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | of bad germs; full *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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