--- title: What would happen if your elbow were a ball-and-socket joint instead… — Cells, bones and muscles · tree and pragmatics description: What would happen if your elbow were a ball-and-socket joint instead of a hinge? Test 3 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Cells, bones and muscles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/) / t3 # Test 3 · Cells, bones and muscles What would happen if your elbow were a ball-and-socket joint instead of a hinge? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** elbow · **What happens:** happen, be · **To what, where:** ball socket joint This is test 3 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/#t3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t3:1 # text = What would happen if your elbow were a ball-and-socket joint instead of a hinge? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 if if SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 5 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 elbow elbow NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 7 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 9 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 10 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 12 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 13 socket socket NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 joint joint NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 advcl _ _ 15 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 18 case _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 15 fixed _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 hinge hinge NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | would | | | | | | instead a hinge | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | your elbow | a ball socket joint | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Your arm would be much shorter ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t3:o1:1 # text = Your arm would be much shorter 1 Your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 cop _ _ 5 much much ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 shorter short ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | would | Your arm | | | | | short *property* | tree rules | ### Option 2 {#o2} Nothing would change at all ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t3:o2:1 # text = Nothing would change at all 1 Nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 3 nsubj _ _ 2 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | would | Nothing | | | all | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} You could not bend your arm at all, not even to eat your dinner ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t3:o3:1 # text = You could not bend your arm at all, not even to eat your dinner 1 You you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 bend bend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod _ _ 11 even even ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 14 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 dinner dinner NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **bend** | could | You | your arm | | all | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme at all=Location | | 2 | **not** **eat** | to-infinitive | You *not said here* | your dinner | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinner=Patient | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} Your forearm could swing in many directions instead of one ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t3:o4:1 # text = Your forearm could swing in many directions instead of one 1 Your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 forearm forearm NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 swing swing VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 directions direction NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 10 case _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 8 fixed _ _ 10 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swing** | could | Your forearm | | | | | instead one; in many directions | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in direction=Attribute | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Cells, bones and muscles, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t2/) - next →: [Cells, bones and muscles, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t4/) - ↑ back to [Cells, bones and muscles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/)