---
title: An astronaut grows a few centimetres taller in space. Why? — Cells, bones and muscles · tree and pragmatics
description: An astronaut grows a few centimetres taller in space. Why? Test 6 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 6 · Cells, bones and muscles

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An astronaut grows a few centimetres taller in space. Why?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** astronaut · **What happens:** grow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 64 «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An astronaut grows a few centimetres taller in space.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:1
# text = An astronaut grows a few centimetres taller in space.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	astronaut	astronaut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a astronaut |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:2
# text = Why?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With no gravity squashing them, the discs in the spine stretch out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:o1:1
# text = With no gravity squashing them, the discs in the spine stretch out
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	gravity	gravity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
4	squashing	squash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	discs	disc	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	spine	spine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	stretch	stretch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | gerund | no gravity *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **stretch out** | infinitive | the discs in the spine |  |  |  |  | with no gravity | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with gravity=Instrument |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket stretches people as it takes off at high speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:o2:1
# text = The rocket stretches people as it takes off at high speed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stretches	stretch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | present | the rocket | people |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent people=Patient |
| 2 | **take off** | present | it |  |  | high speed |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cold of space makes bones longer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:o3:1
# text = The cold of space makes bones longer
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the cold of space | bones |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bone=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Space food makes bones grow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:64-cells-bones-and-muscles:t6:o4:1
# text = Space food makes bones grow
1	Space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Space food | bones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | infinitive | bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Cells, bones and muscles, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t5/)
- next →: [Cells, bones and muscles, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/t7/)
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