---
title: What would happen if a valve in the heart did not close properly? — The heart and blood · tree and pragmatics
description: What would happen if a valve in the heart did not close properly? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · The heart and blood

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What would happen if a valve in the heart did not close properly?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** valve · **What happens:** happen, not close

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t3:1
# text = What would happen if a valve in the heart did not close properly?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
13	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **close** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · do-support | a valve in the heart |  |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blood would turn blue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t3:o1:1
# text = The blood would turn blue
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | would | the blood |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some blood would leak backwards and the heart would work harder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t3:o2:1
# text = Some blood would leak backwards and the heart would work harder
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	leak	leak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	harder	hard	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leak** | would | some blood |  |  |  |  | backwards *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **work** | would | the heart |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heart would pump twice as well

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t3:o3:1
# text = The heart would pump twice as well
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	pump	pump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	4	advmod	_	_
7	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	fixed	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | would | the heart |  |  |  |  | twice *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing at all, valves are not really needed, they are just spare parts

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t3:o4:1
# text = Nothing at all, valves are not really needed, they are just spare parts
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	compound	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	valves	valve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	really	really	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	just	just	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	spare	spare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **need** | present · passive |  | Nothing valves |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | valves *= valve* | spare parts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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