---
title: Before Harvey, people thought the liver made new blood all day. Why… — The heart and blood · tree and pragmatics
description: Before Harvey, people thought the liver made new blood all day. Why could that not be true? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · The heart and blood

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before Harvey, people thought the liver made new blood all day. Why could that not be true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** people, liver · **What happens:** think, make, not be · **To what, where:** new blood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 65 «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Before Harvey, people thought the liver made new blood all day.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:1
# text = Before Harvey, people thought the liver made new blood all day.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Harvey	Harvey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	liver	liver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | people |  |  |  | before Harvey |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | past | the liver | new blood |  |  | day |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset blood=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why could that not be true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:2
# text = Why could that not be true?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | could |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Blood never moves at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:o1:1
# text = Blood never moves at all
1	Blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **move** | present | Blood |  |  | all |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heart pumps more blood in an hour than food could ever make

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:o2:1
# text = The heart pumps more blood in an hour than food could ever make
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pumps	pump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	13	advmod	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | present | the heart | more blood |  |  | hour |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blood=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | could | food |  |  |  | ever |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The liver is made of bone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:o3:1
# text = The liver is made of bone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	liver	liver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | the liver |  |  |  | of bone | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The liver is far too small to hold any of the body's blood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:65-the-heart-and-blood:t4:o4:1
# text = The liver is far too small to hold any of the body's blood
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	liver	liver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the liver |  |  |  |  | far, small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | to-infinitive | the liver *not said here* | any |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent any=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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