---
title: shut up and blow, how come one breath can blow up a whole balloon? — Lungs and breathing · tree and pragmatics
description: shut up and blow, how come one breath can blow up a whole balloon? Test 1 of lesson 66 «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 1 · Lungs and breathing

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
shut up and blow, how come one breath can blow up a whole balloon?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, one breath · **What happens:** shut up, blow, come, blow up · **To what, where:** whole balloon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 66 «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t1:1
# text = shut up and blow, how come one breath can blow up a whole balloon?
1	shut	shut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	blow	blow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **blow** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **blow up** | can | one breath | a whole balloon |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent balloon=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your lungs hold a few litres of air and you push most of it out

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t1:o1:1
# text = Your lungs hold a few litres of air and you push most of it out
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	push	push	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nmod	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | Your lungs | a few litres of air |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme |
| 2 | **push out** | present | you | most of air |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your stomach blows extra air into the balloon too

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t1:o2:1
# text = Your stomach blows extra air into the balloon too
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | present | Your stomach | extra air |  | the balloon |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent air=Material into balloon=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The balloon sucks the air out of you by itself once you start blowing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t1:o3:1
# text = The balloon sucks the air out of you by itself once you start blowing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sucks	suck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	_
11	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
14	blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suck** | present | the balloon | the air |  |  |  | out you; by balloon | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent air=Theme out you=Source |
| 2 | **start** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **blow** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breath swells up to ten times bigger once it is warm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t1:o4:1
# text = Breath swells up to ten times bigger once it is warm
1	Breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swells	swell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
8	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swell up** | present | Breath |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | present | Breath |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The heart and blood, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/e4/)
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