---
title: In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour.… — Lungs and breathing · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour. Put it right. Test 2 of lesson 66 «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 2 · Lungs and breathing

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour. Put it right.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** fish, you · **What happens:** lie, breathe, put · **To what, where:** cartoon, fish

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 66 «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:1
# text = In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	breathes	breathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | a fish |  |  | a cartoon |  | on the beach | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location |
| 2 | **breathe** | present | a fish *not said here* |  |  |  | hour | fine *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Put it right.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:2
# text = Put it right.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	right	right	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | fish |  |  |  | right *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish do not need to breathe at all, so nothing goes wrong

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:o1:1
# text = Fish do not need to breathe at all, so nothing goes wrong
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	nsubj	_	_
12	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
13	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | Fish |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **breathe** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Fish *not said here* |  |  | all |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** | present | nothing |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish can breathe air just as well as water, so the cartoon is fine

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:o2:1
# text = Fish can breathe air just as well as water, so the cartoon is fine
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	3	advmod	_	_
7	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	fixed	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | can | Fish | air |  |  |  | as water | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the cartoon |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Out of water a fish's gills collapse and it cannot get oxygen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:o3:1
# text = Out of water a fish's gills collapse and it cannot get oxygen
1	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	gills	gill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	collapse	collapse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
14	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collapse** | present | a fish's gills |  |  | water |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **get** | can | fish | oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oxygen=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish can hold their breath for days, so an hour is easy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:66-lungs-and-breathing:t2:o4:1
# text = Fish can hold their breath for days, so an hour is easy
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | can | Fish | Fish's breath |  |  | day |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | a hour |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Lungs and breathing, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/t1/)
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