---
title: Identify the pathway by which the knee-jerk reflex is effected. — The brain and nerves · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the pathway by which the knee-jerk reflex is effected. Exam question 1 of lesson 68 «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · The brain and nerves

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the pathway by which the knee-jerk reflex is effected.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, pathway · **What happens:** identify, affect · **To what, where:** pathway, jerk reflex

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 68 «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:68-the-brain-and-nerves:e1:1
# text = Identify the pathway by which the knee-jerk reflex is effected.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pathway	pathway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	jerk	jerk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	reflex	reflex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	effected	affect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pathway |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent pathway=Theme |
| 2 | **affect** | present · passive | the pathway | the jerk reflex |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Via the brain, following a deliberate decision to move the leg

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:68-the-brain-and-nerves:e1:o1:1
# text = Via the brain, following a deliberate decision to move the leg
1	Via	via	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | to-infinitive |  | the leg |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent leg=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Via the bloodstream from the heart

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:68-the-brain-and-nerves:e1:o2:1
# text = Via the bloodstream from the heart
1	Via	via	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bloodstream	bloodstream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Via the skin of the knee alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:68-the-brain-and-nerves:e1:o3:1
# text = Via the skin of the knee alone
1	Via	via	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Via the spinal cord directly to the muscle, without the brain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:68-the-brain-and-nerves:e1:o4:1
# text = Via the spinal cord directly to the muscle, without the brain
1	Via	via	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	spinal	spinal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cord	cord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	without	without	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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