---
title: «penguin nicked a stone off its mate, cheeky sod» Why do Adelie peng… — Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co… · tree and pragmatics
description: «penguin nicked a stone off its mate, cheeky sod» Why do Adelie penguins steal stones? Test 11 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Test 11 · ★★ · Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«penguin nicked a stone off its mate, cheeky sod» Why do Adelie penguins steal stones?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** penguin, Adelie penguins · **What happens:** nick, steal · **To what, where:** stone, stones · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/7-antarctica/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:7-antarctica:t11:1
# text = «penguin nicked a stone off its mate, cheeky sod» Why do Adelie penguins steal stones?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	nicked	nick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
14	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	Adelie	adelie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	steal	steal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nick** *in a quote* | past | penguin | a stone |  |  |  | off penguin's mate | tree rules |
| 2 | **steal** | present · do-support | Adelie penguins | stones |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good stones lift the eggs above meltwater and are hard to find

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:7-antarctica:t11:o1:1
# text = Good stones lift the eggs above meltwater and are hard to find
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lift	lift	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	above	above	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	meltwater	meltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present | Good stones | the eggs |  | meltwater |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme above meltwater=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present | Good stones *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | Good stones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They throw stones at seals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:7-antarctica:t11:o2:1
# text = They throw stones at seals
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	throw	throw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | present | They | stones |  | seals |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at seal=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They like shiny things like magpies and hide them in their nests

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:7-antarctica:t11:o3:1
# text = They like shiny things like magpies and hide them in their nests
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	magpies	magpie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	hide	hide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | They | shiny things |  |  |  | like magpies | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot thing=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | present | They *not said here* | things *= thing* |  | things's nests |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Patient in nest=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They eat stones for breakfast

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:7-antarctica:t11:o4:1
# text = They eat stones for breakfast
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | They | stones |  |  |  | for breakfast | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/7-antarctica/t10/)
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