---
title: Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year. What is… — Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, f… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year. What is the most likely reason? Test 7 of lesson 71 «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Test 7 · Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year. What is the most likely reason?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mum, new school shoes, likely reason · **What happens:** say, pinch, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 71 «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:1
# text = Mum says your new school shoes already pinch after one year.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	already	already	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	pinch	pinch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pinch** | present | your new school shoes |  |  |  | year |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the most likely reason?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:2
# text = What is the most likely reason?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the likely reason |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your feet swell from too much sleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:o1:1
# text = Your feet swell from too much sleep
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swell	swell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swell** | present | Your feet |  |  | much sleep |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toenails grow faster than feet and push the shoes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:o2:1
# text = Toenails grow faster than feet and push the shoes
1	Toenails	toenail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Toenails |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **push** | infinitive | Toenails *not said here* | the shoes |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your feet grew a size or more, as children's feet often do

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:o3:1
# text = Your feet grew a size or more, as children's feet often do
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Your feet | a size |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location size=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | present | children's feet |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shoes shrink in the wash every week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up:t7:o4:1
# text = Shoes shrink in the wash every week
1	Shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shrink	shrink	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wash	wash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrink** | present | Shoes |  |  | the wash | week |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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