---
title: A chihuahua and a Great Dane sniff each other at the park. What is t… — Evolution simply: why living things ch… · tree and pragmatics
description: A chihuahua and a Great Dane sniff each other at the park. What is true? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 73 «Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choic
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · Evolution simply: why living things change over many gener…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chihuahua and a Great Dane sniff each other at the park. What is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** chihuahua · **What happens:** sniff, be · **To what, where:** each, park

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 73 «Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/73-evolution-simply/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A chihuahua and a Great Dane sniff each other at the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:1
# text = A chihuahua and a Great Dane sniff each other at the park.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Dane	Dane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	sniff	sniff	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	7	obj	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	fixed	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sniff** | present | a chihuahua and a Great Dane | each |  | the park |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:2
# text = What is true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chihuahua came from a fox

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:o1:1
# text = The chihuahua came from a fox
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the chihuahua |  |  |  |  | from a fox | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from fox=Initial\_Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are the same species, both descended from wolves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:o2:1
# text = They are the same species, both descended from wolves
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	descended	descend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | the same species |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **descend** | participle · passive | the same species *not said here* | both |  | wolves |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are different species that just look alike

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:o3:1
# text = They are different species that just look alike
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	alike	alike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | different species |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | different species |  |  |  |  | alike *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Great Dane came from a horse

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:73-evolution-simply:t9:o4:1
# text = The Great Dane came from a horse
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Dane	Dane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the Great Dane |  |  |  |  | from a horse | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from horse=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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