---
title: «ostriches hide their heads in the sand when scared» What is right? — The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as… · tree and pragmatics
description: «ostriches hide their heads in the sand when scared» What is right? Test 5 · ★★ of lesson 76 «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★★ · The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«ostriches hide their heads in the sand when scared» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** ostriches · **What happens:** hide, be · **To what, where:** heads, sand

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 76 «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds:t5:1
# text = «ostriches hide their heads in the sand when scared» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hide	hide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
10	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
12	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** *in a quote* | present | ostriches | ostriches's heads |  | the sand |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient in sand=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That's a myth; they lower their heads to turn eggs in the nest hole

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds:t5:o1:1
# text = That's a myth; they lower their heads to turn eggs in the nest hole
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lower	lower	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | That | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lower** | present | they | their heads |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* | eggs |  |  |  | in the nest hole | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent egg=Patient in hole=Topic |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, so the lions cannot see them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds:t5:o2:1
# text = Yes, so the lions cannot see them
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | can | the lions | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, they hide their heads under their wings until the danger has gone away

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds:t5:o3:1
# text = No, they hide their heads under their wings until the danger has gone away
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hide	hide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
15	away	away	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | present | they | their heads |  | heads's wings |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient under wing=Location |
| 2 | **go away** | present · perfect | the danger |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, and they can breathe through the sand for hours

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds:t5:o4:1
# text = Yes, and they can breathe through the sand for hours
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | can | they |  |  | the sand | hour |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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