---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Animals of Australia and New Zealand:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the koala? Exam question 1 of lesson 79 «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option
---

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# Exam question 1 · Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, w…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the koala?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** koala

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 79 «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the koala?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	koala	koala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the koala |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a marsupial whose long rest saves the scant energy of eucalyptus leaves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand:e1:o1:1
# text = It is a marsupial whose long rest saves the scant energy of eucalyptus leaves
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	marsupial	marsupial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	scant	scant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a marsupial |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **save** | present | long rest | the scant energy of eucalyptus leaves |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a primate which rests only during the winter months

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand:e1:o2:1
# text = It is a primate which rests only during the winter months
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	primate	primate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rests	rest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a primate |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rest** | present | a primate |  |  |  | month |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a species of bear intoxicated by the leaves of the eucalyptus tree

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand:e1:o3:1
# text = It is a species of bear intoxicated by the leaves of the eucalyptus tree
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	intoxicated	intoxicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a species |  |  |  | of bear | tree rules |
| 2 | **intoxicate** | participle |  | a species *not said here* |  |  |  | by the leaves of the eucalyptus tree | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a nocturnal predator which hunts throughout the night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand:e1:o4:1
# text = It is a nocturnal predator which hunts throughout the night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	nocturnal	nocturnal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a nocturnal predator |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | present | a nocturnal predator |  |  |  | night |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Animals of Australia and New Zealand:…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/)