---
title: Ascertain the relationship between the monarch butterflies that depa… — Animals of North America and Britain:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the relationship between the monarch butterflies that depart southward and those that return to Mexico in the following autumn. Exam question 4 of lesson 80 «Animals of North America and Britain: moose, bald eagles, raccoons, beavers, foxes, badgers, hedgehogs, robins» of the biology cours
---

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# Exam question 4 · Animals of North America and Britain: moose, bald eagles,…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the relationship between the monarch butterflies that depart southward and those that return to Mexico in the following autumn.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, monarch butterflies · **What happens:** ascertain, depart, return, follow · **To what, where:** relationship, monarch butterflies, Mexico

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 80 «Animals of North America and Britain: moose, bald eagles, raccoons, beavers, foxes, badgers, hedgehogs, robins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the relationship between the monarch butterflies that depart southward and those that return to Mexico in the following autumn.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	depart	depart	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	southward	southward	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	obl	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	amod	_	_
20	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the relationship |  |  |  | between the monarch butterflies | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relationship=Topic |
| 2 | **depart** | present | the monarch butterflies | the monarch butterflies |  |  |  | southward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **return** | present |  |  | Mexico |  | autumn |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to mexico=Result |
| 4 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No butterflies return to Mexico in the following autumn

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain:e4:o1:1
# text = No butterflies return to Mexico in the following autumn
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | present | no butterflies |  | Mexico |  | autumn |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to mexico=Result |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The returning butterflies are the very same individuals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain:e4:o2:1
# text = The returning butterflies are the very same individuals
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	returning	returning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	individuals	individual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the returning butterflies | the same individuals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The returning butterflies are of a different species

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain:e4:o3:1
# text = The returning butterflies are of a different species
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	returning	returning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the returning butterflies |  |  |  |  | of a different species | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The returning butterflies are descendants of the departing ones, several generations on

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain:e4:o4:1
# text = The returning butterflies are descendants of the departing ones, several generations on
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	returning	returning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	descendants	descendant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	departing	departing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the returning butterflies | descendants and several generations |  |  |  | of the departing ones | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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