---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the lion rests for the great… — The big cats house: lions and tigers u… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the lion rests for the greater part of each day. Exam question 1 of lesson 81 «The big cats house: lions and tigers up close» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The big cats house: lions and tigers u…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · The big cats house: lions and tigers up close

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the lion rests for the greater part of each day.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, lion · **What happens:** identify, rest · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 81 «The big cats house: lions and tigers up close» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the lion rests for the greater part of each day.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	rests	rest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **rest** | present | the lion |  |  |  |  | for the principal reason; for the greater part of each day | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is afflicted by grave illness whenever it is kept in captivity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers:e1:o1:1
# text = It is afflicted by grave illness whenever it is kept in captivity
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	afflicted	afflict	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	whenever	whenever	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	captivity	captivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **afflict** | present · passive | grave illness | It |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **keep** | present · passive |  | illness |  | captivity |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in captivity=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is nocturnal and incapable of any activity during the hours of daylight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers:e1:o2:1
# text = It is nocturnal and incapable of any activity during the hours of daylight
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	nocturnal	nocturnal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	incapable	incapable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	during	during	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  | hour | nocturnal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | of any activity | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It hunts in brief, strenuous bursts and must conserve energy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers:e1:o3:1
# text = It hunts in brief, strenuous bursts and must conserve energy
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	brief	brief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	strenuous	strenuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bursts	burst	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	conserve	conserve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | It |  |  | brief and strenuous bursts |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in brief=Location |
| 2 | **conserve** | must |  | energy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It lacks entirely the muscles required for sustained movement

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers:e1:o4:1
# text = It lacks entirely the muscles required for sustained movement
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | It | the muscles |  |  |  | entirely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **require** | participle |  | the muscles *not said here* |  |  |  | for sustained movement | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sustain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The big cats house: lions and tigers u…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/t11/)
- next →: [The big cats house: lions and tigers u…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/e2/)
- ↑ back to [The big cats house: lions and tigers up close](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/)