---
title: A friend says the puma is a small lion because it is called a mounta… — The big cats house: snow leopards, jag… · tree and pragmatics
description: A friend says the puma is a small lion because it is called a mountain lion. What is right? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 82 «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of e
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A friend says the puma is a small lion because it is called a mountain lion. What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** friend, puma · **What happens:** say, be, call · **To what, where:** small lion, puma · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 82 «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A friend says the puma is a small lion because it is called a mountain lion.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:1
# text = A friend says the puma is a small lion because it is called a mountain lion.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	puma	puma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a friend |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the puma | a small lion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **call** | present · passive |  | puma |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:2
# text = What is right?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a puma, a cat that purrs and cannot roar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:o1:1
# text = It is a puma, a cat that purrs and cannot roar
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	puma	puma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	purrs	purr	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	roar	roar	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a puma |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **purr** | present | a cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **roar** | can | a cat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a big kind of house cat that roars

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:o2:1
# text = It is a big kind of house cat that roars
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	roars	roar	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a big kind |  |  |  | of house cat | tree rules |
| 2 | **roar** | present | house cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is a lion from American mountains

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:o3:1
# text = Yes, it is a lion from American mountains
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | a lion |  | American mountains |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is a young female lion that has left its pride

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats:t7:o4:1
# text = Yes, it is a young female lion that has left its pride
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | a young female lion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | present · perfect · passive |  | a young female lion |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme pride=Attribute |
| 3 | **pride** |  | lion |  |  |  |  |  | nom pride «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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