---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The aviary: the walk-through tropical… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the scarlet ibis? Exam question 2 of lesson 93 «The aviary: the walk-through tropical house» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was w
---

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# Exam question 2 · The aviary: the walk-through tropical house

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the scarlet ibis?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** scarlet ibis

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 93 «The aviary: the walk-through tropical house» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the scarlet ibis?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	scarlet	scarlet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	ibis	ibis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the scarlet ibis |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its red plumage derives from pigments in the crustaceans it consumes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house:e2:o1:1
# text = Its red plumage derives from pigments in the crustaceans it consumes
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	plumage	plumage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	pigments	pigment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	crustaceans	crustacean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	consumes	consume	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | Its red plumage |  |  | pigments in the crustaceans |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from pigment=Material |
| 2 | **consume** | present | plumage | the crustaceans *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crustacean=Asset |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its plumage is coloured by the mud of its habitat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house:e2:o2:1
# text = Its plumage is coloured by the mud of its habitat
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	plumage	plumage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	coloured	colour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **colour** | present · passive | the mud of plumage's habitat | Its plumage |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its red plumage is produced by exposure to sunlight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house:e2:o3:1
# text = Its red plumage is produced by exposure to sunlight
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	plumage	plumage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	exposure	exposure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present · passive | exposure | Its red plumage |  |  |  | to sunlight | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is red solely during the breeding season and white for the remainder of the year

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house:e2:o4:1
# text = It is red solely during the breeding season and white for the remainder of the year
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	breeding	breeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	remainder	remainder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  | season | red, solely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | for the remainder of the year | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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