---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The nocturnal house: night animals by… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the vampire bat? Exam question 2 of lesson 95 «The nocturnal house: night animals by red light» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Exam question 2 · The nocturnal house: night animals by red light

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the vampire bat?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** vampire bat

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 95 «The nocturnal house: night animals by red light» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the vampire bat?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	vampire	vampire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the vampire bat |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the largest of all bats

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light:e2:o1:1
# text = It is the largest of all bats
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of all bats; large *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is one of three species that lap small quantities of blood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light:e2:o2:1
# text = It is one of three species that lap small quantities of blood
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lap	lap	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	quantities	quantity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | one |  |  |  | of three species | tree rules |
| 2 | **lap** | present | three species | small quantities of blood |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quantity=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is entirely blind and navigates by smell alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light:e2:o3:1
# text = It is entirely blind and navigates by smell alone
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	navigates	navigate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | blind, entirely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **navigate** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by smell; alone *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It sucks the blood of human beings throughout Europe by night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light:e2:o4:1
# text = It sucks the blood of human beings throughout Europe by night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sucks	suck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	beings	being	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suck** | present | It | the blood of human beings |  |  | throughout Europe; night |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blood=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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