---
title: Why are dung beetles good friends to farmers? — The insect house: ants, stick insects,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why are dung beetles good friends to farmers? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 97 «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scor…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why are dung beetles good friends to farmers?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** dung beetles

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 97 «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions:t10:1
# text = Why are dung beetles good friends to farmers?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	dung	dung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	beetles	beetle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | dung beetles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They eat the slugs living on the farmers' crops

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions:t10:o1:1
# text = They eat the slugs living on the farmers' crops
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	slugs	slug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	crops	crop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | They | the slugs |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slug=Patient |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | the slugs *not said here* |  |  | the farmers's crops |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on crop=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They pollinate the wheat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions:t10:o2:1
# text = They pollinate the wheat
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pollinate	pollinate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollinate** | present | They | the wheat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They clear away and bury dung in the fields

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions:t10:o3:1
# text = They clear away and bury dung in the fields
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	clear	clear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	bury	bury	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
6	dung	dung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear away** | present | They |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **bury** | infinitive | They *not said here* | dung |  | the fields |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent dung=Theme in field=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They frighten away crows

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions:t10:o4:1
# text = They frighten away crows
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	frighten	frighten	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	crows	crow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten away** | present | They | crows |  |  |  | away *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus crow=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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