---
title: In the passage, what is the principal means by which the toad is rem… — Andersen's Tales, The Toad: a toad cli… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the passage, what is the principal means by which the toad is removed from the well? Exam question 1 of lesson 1004 «Andersen's Tales, The Toad: a toad climbs out of a well and goes hunting for a better world» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics o
---

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# Exam question 1 · Andersen's Tales, The Toad: a toad climbs out of a well an…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the passage, what is the principal means by which the toad is removed from the well?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** principal · **What happens:** be, remove · **To what, where:** passage, toad, well

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1004 «Andersen's Tales, The Toad: a toad climbs out of a well and goes hunting for a better world» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1004-pg27200-part215/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1004-pg27200-part215:e1:1
# text = In the passage, what is the principal means by which the toad is removed from the well?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	principal	principal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	removed	remove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	well	well	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the principal |  |  | the passage |  | mean *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **remove** | present · passive |  | the toad |  | the well |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from well=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is lifted in a basket by a rope

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1004-pg27200-part215:e1:o1:1
# text = She is lifted in a basket by a rope
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present · passive | a rope | She |  | a basket |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in basket=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is lifted out in a wooden bucket filled with water by the farm girl

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1004-pg27200-part215:e1:o2:1
# text = She is lifted out in a wooden bucket filled with water by the farm girl
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift out** | present · passive |  | She |  | a wooden bucket |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in bucket=Destination |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | a wooden bucket *not said here* |  |  |  | with water; by the farm girl | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is lifted out in a bucket filled with water, and the farm boy watches it all

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1004-pg27200-part215:e1:o3:1
# text = She is lifted out in a bucket filled with water, and the farm boy watches it all
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift out** | present · passive |  | She |  | a bucket |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in bucket=Destination |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | a bucket *not said here* |  |  |  | with water | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument |
| 3 | **watch** | present | the farm boy | water |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is lifted out in a bucket filled with water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1004-pg27200-part215:e1:o4:1
# text = She is lifted out in a bucket filled with water
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift out** | present · passive |  | She |  | a bucket |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in bucket=Destination |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | a bucket *not said here* |  |  |  | with water | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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