---
title: Which of the following most accurately describes the device by which… — Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately describes the device by which the elderly woman effects the capture of the bear? Exam question 1 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with
---

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# Exam question 1 · Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a h…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately describes the device by which the elderly woman effects the capture of the bear?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** device · **What happens:** follow, describe, effect, capture · **To what, where:** device, bear

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1113-pg29672-part19/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e1:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately describes the device by which the elderly woman effects the capture of the bear?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	elderly	elderly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	effects	effect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	capture	capture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the device |  |  |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent device=Theme |
| 3 | **effect** |  | the device |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **capture** |  |  | the bear |  |  |  |  | nom capture «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A straw ox smeared with tar, which the bear attacks in order to repair his ragged fur, after the old woman has sung to it on the steppe

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e1:o1:1
# text = A straw ox smeared with tar, which the bear attacks in order to repair his ragged fur, after the old woman has sung to it on the steppe
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	smeared	smear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	attacks	attack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	_
12	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
13	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	fixed	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	repair	repair	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	ragged	ragged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	sung	sing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smear** | participle |  | a straw ox *not said here* |  |  |  | with tar | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tar=Theme |
| 2 | **attack** |  | tar |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **repair** | to-infinitive |  | his ragged fur |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fur=Patient |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | present · perfect · passive |  | the old woman | fur | the steppe |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to it=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A clay ox painted with honey, which the bear eats to fill his belly

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e1:o2:1
# text = A clay ox painted with honey, which the bear eats to fill his belly
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	painted	paint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	belly	belly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | participle |  | a clay ox *not said here* |  |  |  | with honey | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with honey=Theme |
| 2 | **bear** |  | honey |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | present | a clay ox |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fill** | to-infinitive | a clay ox *not said here* | ox's belly |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent belly=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A straw ox smeared with tar, which the bear attacks in order to repair his fur

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e1:o3:1
# text = A straw ox smeared with tar, which the bear attacks in order to repair his fur
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	smeared	smear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	attacks	attack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	_
12	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
13	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	fixed	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	repair	repair	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smear** | participle |  | a straw ox *not said here* |  |  |  | with tar | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tar=Theme |
| 2 | **attack** |  | tar |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **repair** | to-infinitive |  | his fur |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fur=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pine-wood cow coated in wax, which the bear sniffs to find food

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e1:o4:1
# text = A pine-wood cow coated in wax, which the bear sniffs to find food
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
6	coated	coat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	sniffs	sniff	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **coat** | participle |  | a wood cow *not said here* |  |  |  | in wax | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in wax=Theme |
| 2 | **sniff** | present | a wood cow |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | a wood cow *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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