---
title: State the material of which the ox is composed, and the substance ap… — Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the material of which the ox is composed, and the substance applied to its surface, as described in the narrative. Exam question 2 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, wit
---

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# Exam question 2 · Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a h…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the material of which the ox is composed, and the substance applied to its surface, as described in the narrative.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** substance · **What happens:** compose, apply, describe · **To what, where:** ox, substance, narrative

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1113-pg29672-part19/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e2:1
# text = State the material of which the ox is composed, and the substance applied to its surface, as described in the narrative.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:agent	_	_
14	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
20	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	narrative	narrative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | present · passive | the substance | the ox |  |  |  | of the material | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
| 2 | **apply** | participle |  | the substance *not said here* |  |  |  | to ox's surface | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **describe** | participle | the substance *not said here* |  |  | the narrative |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Straw, smeared over with tar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e2:o1:1
# text = Straw, smeared over with tar
1	Straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	smeared	smear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smear over** | past | Straw |  |  |  |  | with tar; over *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tar=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Straw, smeared over with tar that the old man burned in the fields

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e2:o2:1
# text = Straw, smeared over with tar that the old man burned in the fields
1	Straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	smeared	smear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smear over** | past | Straw |  |  |  |  | with tar; over *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tar=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | participle | the old man |  |  | the fields |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in field=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wool, smeared over with honey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e2:o3:1
# text = Wool, smeared over with honey
1	Wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	smeared	smear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smear over** | past | Wool |  |  |  |  | with honey; over *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with honey=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Straw, bound with flax thread and smeared over with pitch from the old man's fields

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e2:o4:1
# text = Straw, bound with flax thread and smeared over with pitch from the old man's fields
1	Straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	flax	flax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	smeared	smear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | participle · passive |  | Straw |  |  |  | with flax thread | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient with thread=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **smear over** | past |  |  |  | the old man's fields |  | with pitch; over *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with pitch=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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