---
title: Explain the manner in which the tale concludes, with reference to th… — Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever… · tree and pragmatics
description: Explain the manner in which the tale concludes, with reference to the fate of the bear. Exam question 4 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Exam question 4 · Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a h…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explain the manner in which the tale concludes, with reference to the fate of the bear.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, tale · **What happens:** explain, conclude, fate · **To what, where:** manner, reference, bear

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1113 «Russian Tales, The Straw Ox: a clever old woman tricks a hungry bear with a tar-smeared straw ox» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1113-pg29672-part19/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e4:1
# text = Explain the manner in which the tale concludes, with reference to the fate of the bear.
1	Explain	explain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	concludes	conclude	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | the manner |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Topic |
| 2 | **conclude** | present | the tale | reference |  |  |  | to the fate of the bear | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reference=Theme |
| 3 | **fate** |  |  | the bear |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear, having fastened his claws upon the flax, is released and runs away by the pines

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e4:o1:1
# text = The bear, having fastened his claws upon the flax, is released and runs away by the pines
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	flax	flax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	released	release	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	pines	pine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund | the bear *not said here* | his fastened claws |  |  |  | upon the flax | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Patient |
| 2 | **fasten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **release** | present · passive |  | the bear |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Source |
| 4 | **run away** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by the pines; away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by pine=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ox, having tugged the bear's ears, is set free and returns to the hut

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e4:o2:1
# text = The ox, having tugged the bear's ears, is set free and returns to the hut
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	aux	_	_
5	tugged	tug	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	set	set	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	returns	return	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tug** | gerund · perfect | the ox *not said here* | the bear's ears |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent ear=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the ox |  |  |  |  | free *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **return** | present | the ox *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the hut *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to hut=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear, having fastened his teeth upon the tar, cannot release them, and the ox drags him away across the steppe while the old woman laughs behind the hillock

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e4:o3:1
# text = The bear, having fastened his teeth upon the tar, cannot release them, and the ox drags him away across the steppe while the old woman laughs behind the hillock
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	aux	_	_
5	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	release	release	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	drags	drag	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
23	across	across	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	laughs	laugh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
31	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	hillock	hillock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fasten** | gerund · perfect | the bear *not said here* | bear's teeth |  |  |  | upon the tar | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **release** | can | the bear *not said here* | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer they=Source |
| 3 | **drag away** | present | the bear | ox |  | the steppe |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 4 | **laugh** | present | the old woman |  |  | the hillock |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear, having fastened his teeth upon the tar, cannot release them and is dragged away by the ox

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1113-pg29672-part19:e4:o4:1
# text = The bear, having fastened his teeth upon the tar, cannot release them and is dragged away by the ox
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	aux	_	_
5	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	release	release	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	dragged	drag	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fasten** | gerund · perfect | the bear *not said here* | bear's teeth |  |  |  | upon the tar | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **release** | can | the bear | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer they=Source |
| 3 | **drag away** | present · passive | the ox |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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