---
title: By what means did the younger son of the prince survive his period w… — Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the younger son of the prince survive his period within the whale? Exam question 4 of lesson 1130 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story of Ivan Golik and the Serpents, part 36: Ivan Golik joins the prince and saves the mice» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story of Ivan Golik and t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the younger son of the prince survive his period within the whale?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** younger son · **What happens:** mean, do, survive · **To what, where:** younger son, period · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1130 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story of Ivan Golik and the Serpents, part 36: Ivan Golik joins the prince and saves the mice» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1130-pg29672-part36/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1130-pg29672-part36:e4:1
# text = By what means did the younger son of the prince survive his period within the whale?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
11	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	within	within	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the younger son |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Eventuality |
| 3 | **survive** | infinitive | the younger son *not said here* | his period |  |  |  | of the prince; within the whale | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme period=Circumstance |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by drinking sea water and rum

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1130-pg29672-part36:e4:o1:1
# text = by drinking sea water and rum
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	rum	rum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | gerund |  | sea water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by burning the wagon wood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1130-pg29672-part36:e4:o2:1
# text = by burning the wagon wood
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wagon	wagon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  | the wagon wood |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wood=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by smoking the tobacco-pipes found within

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1130-pg29672-part36:e4:o3:1
# text = by smoking the tobacco-pipes found within
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	smoking	smoke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smoke** | gerund |  | the tobacco pipes |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent pipe=Source |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | the tobacco pipes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by eating fish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1130-pg29672-part36:e4:o4:1
# text = by eating fish
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | gerund |  | fish |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1130-pg29672-part36/e3/)
- next →: [Russian Tales, Ivan Golik, part 37: Iv…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1131-pg29672-part37/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Russian Folk-Tales, The Wondrous Story of Ivan Golik and the Serpents, part 36: Ivan Golik joins the prince and saves the mice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1130-pg29672-part36/)