---
title: Which of the following statements most precisely identifies the reas… — Cossack Fairy Tales, Ivan Golik: the w… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most precisely identifies the reason the leading pig refused to pass through the gateway? Exam question 3 of lesson 1134 «Cossack Fairy Tales, Ivan Golik: the whip breaks the spell and the princess becomes human» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with th
---

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# Exam question 3 · Cossack Fairy Tales, Ivan Golik: the whip breaks the spell…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most precisely identifies the reason the leading pig refused to pass through the gateway?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** leading pig · **What happens:** follow, identify, lead, refuse, not pass · **To what, where:** reason, gateway

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1134 «Cossack Fairy Tales, Ivan Golik: the whip breaks the spell and the princess becomes human» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1134-pg29672-part40/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1134-pg29672-part40:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most precisely identifies the reason the leading pig refused to pass through the gateway?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	precisely	precisely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	identifies	identify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	through	through	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	gateway	gateway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **identify** | present |  | the reason |  |  |  | of the following statements; precisely *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 3 | **lead** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 4 | **refuse** | past | the leading pig | the reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **pass** | to-infinitive | the leading pig *not said here* |  |  | the gateway |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through gateway=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pig stood fixed in the doorway until a prince came kissing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1134-pg29672-part40:e3:o1:1
# text = The pig stood fixed in the doorway until a prince came kissing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	doorway	doorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
12	kissing	kiss	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the pig |  |  | the doorway |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fix** | participle | the pig *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **come** | past | a prince |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **kiss** | gerund | a prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boar stayed put in the gate until its bristles got kissed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1134-pg29672-part40:e3:o2:1
# text = The boar stayed put in the gate until its bristles got kissed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boar	boar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	bristles	bristle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past · passive |  | the boar |  | the gate |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in gate=Destination |
| 2 | **kiss** | past · passive |  | boar's bristles |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pig remained fixed in the gateway until the bristles were kissed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1134-pg29672-part40:e3:o3:1
# text = The pig remained fixed in the gateway until the bristles were kissed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gateway	gateway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bristles	bristle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past · passive |  | the pig |  | the gateway |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **kiss** | past · passive |  | the bristles |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pig would not move until someone kissed its bristles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1134-pg29672-part40:e3:o4:1
# text = The pig would not move until someone kissed its bristles
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
8	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	bristles	bristle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **move** | would | the pig |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **kiss** | past | someone | pig's bristles |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bristle=Co-Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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