---
title: By what means did the raven instruct Ian to identify himself to stra… — Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the raven instruct Ian to identify himself to strangers? Exam question 3 of lesson 1143 «Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride, the spells break, and the false brothers are shamed» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragm
---

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# Exam question 3 · Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the raven instruct Ian to identify himself to strangers?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** raven · **What happens:** mean, instruct, identify · **To what, where:** Ian

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1143 «Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride, the spells break, and the false brothers are shamed» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1143-pg3027-part9/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1143-pg3027-part9:e3:1
# text = By what means did the raven instruct Ian to identify himself to strangers?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	instruct	instruct	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	identify	identify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
11	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **instruct** *speech: other* | past · do-support | the raven |  | Ian |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ian=Recipient |
| 3 | **identify** | to-infinitive | the raven *not said here* | Ian |  |  |  | to strangers | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to stranger=be' |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by a secret sign

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1143-pg3027-part9:e3:o1:1
# text = by a secret sign
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by singing a loud song

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1143-pg3027-part9:e3:o2:1
# text = by singing a loud song
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  | a loud song |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by naming the place behind him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1143-pg3027-part9:e3:o3:1
# text = by naming the place behind him
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	naming	name	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | gerund |  | the place |  |  |  | behind him *= he* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by naming the town where he lived

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1143-pg3027-part9:e3:o4:1
# text = by naming the town where he lived
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	naming	name	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | gerund |  | the town |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1143-pg3027-part9/e2/)
- next →: [Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1143-pg3027-part9/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride, the spells break, and the false brothers are shamed](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1143-pg3027-part9/)