---
title: By what means did the fox effect the transport of Ian Direach across… — Popular Tales of the West Highlands, I… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the fox effect the transport of Ian Direach across the sea to the Seven Big Women? Exam question 1 of lesson 1146 «Popular Tales of the West Highlands, Ian Direach, part 12: the fox sails Ian to Erin and France, and the princess is tricked aboard» of the books course of Mova's prim
---

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# Exam question 1 · Popular Tales of the West Highlands, Ian Direach, part 12:…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the fox effect the transport of Ian Direach across the sea to the Seven Big Women?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** mean, do · **To what, where:** fox effect, sea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 1146 «Popular Tales of the West Highlands, Ian Direach, part 12: the fox sails Ian to Erin and France, and the princess is tricked aboard» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1146-pg3027-part12/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1146-pg3027-part12:e1:1
# text = By what means did the fox effect the transport of Ian Direach across the sea to the Seven Big Women?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	Direach	Direach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
13	across	across	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	Seven	Seven	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Big	Big	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	Women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the fox effect |  | the sea |  | to the Big Women | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By fishing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1146-pg3027-part12:e1:o1:1
# text = By fishing
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By transforming himself into a boat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1146-pg3027-part12:e1:o2:1
# text = By transforming himself into a boat
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	transforming	transform	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transform** | gerund |  | himself *= he* |  |  |  | into a boat *result* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Patient into boat=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By boat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1146-pg3027-part12:e1:o3:1
# text = By boat
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By turning himself into a fishing boat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1146-pg3027-part12:e1:o4:1
# text = By turning himself into a fishing boat
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | gerund |  | himself *= he* |  | a fishing boat |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent himself=Theme into boat=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Popular Tales of the West Highlands, I…, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1146-pg3027-part12/t13/)
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