---
title: Identify the means by which John gains the princess's attention in t… — Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the means by which John gains the princess's attention in the palace courtyard. Exam question 3 of lesson 115 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 18: the King sees a portrait, falls in love, and sails off with its princess» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the de
---

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# Exam question 3 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 18: the King…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the means by which John gains the princess's attention in the palace courtyard.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, John, princess · **What happens:** identify, mean, gain, attend · **To what, where:** attention · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 115 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 18: the King sees a portrait, falls in love, and sails off with its princess» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/115-pg11027-part18/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:115-pg11027-part18:e3:1
# text = Identify the means by which John gains the princess's attention in the palace courtyard.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
6	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gains	gain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **gain** | present | John | the princess's attention |  |  |  | in the palace courtyard | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient attention=Extent in courtyard=Attribute |
| 4 | **attend** |  | the princess |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shows golden plates from a sack and says he is a soldier.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:115-pg11027-part18:e3:o1:1
# text = He shows golden plates from a sack and says he is a soldier.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | He | golden plates |  | a sack |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent plate=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | he | a soldier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hides a golden cup in his coat, rides into the courtyard on a black horse, and tells everyone he is a foreign prince who has come to trade.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:115-pg11027-part18:e3:o2:1
# text = He hides a golden cup in his coat, rides into the courtyard on a black horse, and tells everyone he is a foreign prince who has come to trade.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hides	hide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	rides	ride	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
21	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	20	obj	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	ccomp	_	_
27	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
28	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	acl:relcl	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	trade	trade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | present | He | a golden cup |  | his coat |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cup=Patient in coat=Location |
| 2 | **ride** | present |  |  |  | the courtyard |  | on a black horse | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into courtyard=Trajectory |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present |  |  | everyone |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent everyone=Recipient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | horse | a foreign prince |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **come** | present · perfect | a foreign prince |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **trade** | to-infinitive | a foreign prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He displays golden cups from a napkin and represents himself as a merchant.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:115-pg11027-part18:e3:o3:1
# text = He displays golden cups from a napkin and represents himself as a merchant.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	displays	display	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	napkin	napkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	represents	represent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	9	obj	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **display** | present | He | golden cups |  | a napkin |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Theme |
| 2 | **represent** | present | He *not said here* | himself *= he* |  |  |  | as a merchant | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent himself=Theme as merchant=Attribute |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He arrives at the palace gate with a sack of golden cups, wins over the lady's maid with kind words, and then shows the cups to the princess in the courtyard as a merchant from far away.

<!-- fold The tree, 38 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:115-pg11027-part18:e3:o4:1
# text = He arrives at the palace gate with a sack of golden cups, wins over the lady's maid with kind words, and then shows the cups to the princess in the courtyard as a merchant from far away.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	's	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
26	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	as	as	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
38	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	40	advmod	_	_
40	away	away	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | present | He |  |  | the palace gate with a sack of golden cups |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | present | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over the lady's maid with kind words | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **show** | present | He *not said here* | the cups | the princess in the courtyard |  | then | as a merchant; away *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent cup=Topic to princess=Recipient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Faithful John, part 18: the King sees a portrait, falls in love, and sails off with its princess](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/115-pg11027-part18/)