--- title: Identify the principal act of Covan the Brown-haired upon encounteri… — Celtic Fairy Tales, Gorla of the Flock… · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal act of Covan the Brown-haired upon encountering the raven of the wilderness. Exam question 1 of lesson 1184 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Gorla of the Flocks, part 50: Covan feeds the raven, herds the cows through fire and flood, and is sheltered by two friends» of the books course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1184-pg3027-part50/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Celtic Fairy Tales, Gorla of the Flock…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1184-pg3027-part50/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Celtic Fairy Tales, Gorla of the Flocks, part 50: Covan fe… Identify the principal act of Covan the Brown-haired upon encountering the raven of the wilderness. **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Covan · **What happens:** identify, encounter, act · **To what, where:** principal act, raven This is exam question 1 of lesson 1184 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Gorla of the Flocks, part 50: Covan feeds the raven, herds the cows through fire and flood, and is sheltered by two friends» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1184-pg3027-part50/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1184-pg3027-part50:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal act of Covan the Brown-haired upon encountering the raven of the wilderness. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 act act NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Covan Covan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 Brown Brown PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 haired haired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 appos _ _ 11 upon upon SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 12 encountering encounter VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 raven raven NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal act of Covan | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent act=Theme | | 2 | **encounter** | gerund | you *not said here* | the raven of the wilderness | | | | | vn encounter-30.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer raven=Stimulus | | 3 | **act** | | Covan | | | | | | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the bird. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1184-pg3027-part50:e1:o1:1 # text = He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the bird. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 offered offer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 portion portion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 cake cake NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 charity charity NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **offer** | past | He | a portion of his small cake | the bird | charity | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent portion=Theme to bird=Goal | ### Option 2 {#o2} He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the raven and then asked the bird to lead him to the cows he had lost in the wilderness. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1184-pg3027-part50:e1:o2:1 # text = He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the raven and then asked the bird to lead him to the cows he had lost in the wilderness. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 offered offer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 portion portion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 cake cake NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 charity charity NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 raven raven NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 16 advmod _ _ 16 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 lead lead VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 ccomp _ _ 21 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 24 acl:relcl _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **offer** | past | He | a portion of his small cake | | charity | | to the raven *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent portion=Theme to raven=Goal | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | He *not said here* | | the bird | | then | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent bird=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **lead** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | bird | the cows | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to cow=Destination | | 4 | **lose** | past · perfect | bird | the cows *not said here* | | the wilderness | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Eventuality | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the bird, then turned his back and walked on toward the moor without a word. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1184-pg3027-part50:e1:o3:1 # text = He offered a portion of his small cake in charity to the bird, then turned his back and walked on toward the moor without a word. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 offered offer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 portion portion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 cake cake NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 charity charity NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 16 advmod _ _ 16 turned turn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 walked walk VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 toward toward ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 moor moor NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 without without ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **offer** | past | He | a portion of his small cake | the bird | charity | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent portion=Theme to bird=Goal | | 2 | **turn** | past | | bird's back | | | then | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent back=Theme | | 3 | **walk** | past | | | | the moor | | without a word | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on moor=Trajectory | ### Option 4 {#o4} He shared part of his little cake with the raven. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1184-pg3027-part50:e1:o4:1 # text = He shared part of his little cake with the raven. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 shared share VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 6 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 cake cake NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 8 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 raven raven NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **share** | past | He | part of his little cake | | | | with the raven | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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