---
title: By what method did Lyma render the eldest Stalo's food unpalatable? — Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Sta… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what method did Lyma render the eldest Stalo's food unpalatable? Exam question 3 of lesson 1193 «Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Stalos, part 59: Patto kills Stalo and the Sodnos rescue Lyma» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Stalos, part 59: Patto…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what method did Lyma render the eldest Stalo's food unpalatable?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Lyma · **What happens:** render · **To what, where:** food

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1193 «Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Stalos, part 59: Patto kills Stalo and the Sodnos rescue Lyma» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1193-pg3027-part59/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1193-pg3027-part59:e3:1
# text = By what method did Lyma render the eldest Stalo's food unpalatable?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
3	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Lyma	Lyma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	Stalo	Stalo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
12	unpalatable	unpalatable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | past · do-support | Lyma | the eldest Stalo's food |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent what=Recipient food=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By raking the logs so that ashes flew into the pot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1193-pg3027-part59:e3:o1:1
# text = By raking the logs so that ashes flew into the pot
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	raking	rake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	8	mark	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | gerund | ashes *not said here* | the logs |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent log=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **fly** | past | ashes |  |  |  |  | into the pot *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into pot=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By burning the bread in the oven and then tossing cinders into the pot when no one was looking

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1193-pg3027-part59:e3:o2:1
# text = By burning the bread in the oven and then tossing cinders into the pot when no one was looking
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	tossing	toss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
11	cinders	cinder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  | the bread |  | the oven |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bread=Theme |
| 2 | **toss** | gerund |  | cinders |  | the pot | then |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent cinder=Patient into pot=Recipient |
| 3 | **look** | past · progressive | no one |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By stirring the pot with a dirty spoon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1193-pg3027-part59:e3:o3:1
# text = By stirring the pot with a dirty spoon
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	stirring	stir	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | gerund |  | the pot |  |  |  | with a dirty spoon | vn shake-22.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent pot=Patient with spoon=Co-Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By raking the burning logs in the hearth so that ashes flew up and settled into the pot he had been cooking

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1193-pg3027-part59:e3:o4:1
# text = By raking the burning logs in the hearth so that ashes flew up and settled into the pot he had been cooking
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	raking	rake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hearth	hearth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	12	mark	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	settled	settle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	cop	_	_
22	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | gerund |  | the burning logs |  | the hearth |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent log=Theme in hearth=Trajectory |
| 2 | **fly up** | past | ashes |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **settle** | participle | ashes *not said here* |  |  | the pot and cooking |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past · perfect | he | cooking |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Sta…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1193-pg3027-part59/e2/)
- next →: [Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Sta…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1193-pg3027-part59/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Lapland Fairy Tales, Patto and the Stalos, part 59: Patto kills Stalo and the Sodnos rescue Lyma](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1193-pg3027-part59/)