---
title: Which of the following best describes the means by which the youth w… — Norse Tales, The Youth and the Hill-Fo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the means by which the youth was separated from his comrade? Exam question 1 of lesson 1232 «Norse Tales, The Youth and the Hill-Folk, part 33: a youth is left alone on an island and a strange girl marries him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Norse Tales, The Youth and the Hill-Folk, part 33: a youth…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the means by which the youth was separated from his comrade?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** the · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, separate · **To what, where:** youth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1232 «Norse Tales, The Youth and the Hill-Folk, part 33: a youth is left alone on an island and a strange girl marries him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1232-pg3282-part33/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1232-pg3282-part33:e1:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the means by which the youth was separated from his comrade?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	separated	separate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	comrade	comrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the best | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent which=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **separate** | past · passive |  | the youth |  |  |  | from his comrade | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient from comrade=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was tricked into going ashore for a tool, after which the boat left without him

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1232-pg3282-part33:e1:o1:1
# text = He was tricked into going ashore for a tool, after which the boat left without him
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	tricked	trick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	ashore	ashore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
16	without	without	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for a tool; ashore *property* | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for tool=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **leave** | past | the boat |  |  |  |  | without him *= he* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was dispatched on a pretext to recover an implement, whereupon the vessel departed

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1232-pg3282-part33:e1:o2:1
# text = He was dispatched on a pretext to recover an implement, whereupon the vessel departed
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	dispatched	dispatch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pretext	pretext	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	recover	recover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	implement	implement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	departed	depart	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dispatch** | past · passive |  | He |  | a pretext |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **recover** | to-infinitive |  | a implement |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent implement=Theme |
| 3 | **depart** | participle | the vessel |  |  |  |  | whereupon *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was deliberately dispatched on a fabricated pretext to retrieve a misplaced implement from the hut, whereupon the vessel promptly departed without him

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1232-pg3282-part33:e1:o3:1
# text = He was deliberately dispatched on a fabricated pretext to retrieve a misplaced implement from the hut, whereupon the vessel promptly departed without him
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	deliberately	deliberately	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	dispatched	dispatch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	fabricated	fabricated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pretext	pretext	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	retrieve	retrieve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	misplaced	misplace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	implement	implement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	promptly	promptly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	departed	depart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
23	without	without	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dispatch** | past · passive |  | He |  | a fabricated pretext |  | deliberately *property* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **retrieve** | to-infinitive |  | a misplaced implement |  | the hut |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent implement=Theme from hut=Source |
| 3 | **misplace** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **depart** | past | the vessel |  |  |  |  | without him *= he*; promptly, whereupon *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was sent off for a tool

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1232-pg3282-part33:e1:o4:1
# text = He was sent off for a tool
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send off** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for a tool | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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