---
title: By what means did the bear's mark become established upon the reinde… — Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear:… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the bear's mark become established upon the reindeer? Exam question 4 of lesson 1243 «Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear: the fox tricks the bear into a fire, then cheats a Lapp of his reindeer.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmati
---

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# Exam question 4 · Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear: the fox tricks the…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the bear's mark become established upon the reindeer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mark, bear · **What happens:** mean, do, become, establish, mark

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1243 «Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear: the fox tricks the bear into a fire, then cheats a Lapp of his reindeer.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1243-pg3282-part44/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1243-pg3282-part44:e4:1
# text = By what means did the bear's mark become established upon the reindeer?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	xcomp	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **become** | present | the bear's mark |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **establish** | participle | the bear's mark *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the reindeer | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **mark** |  | the bear |  |  |  |  |  | nom mark «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear struck it with an arrow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1243-pg3282-part44:e4:o1:1
# text = The bear struck it with an arrow
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the bear | it |  |  |  | with a arrow | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with arrow=Instrument |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear shot the reindeer with an arrow in the chin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1243-pg3282-part44:e4:o2:1
# text = The bear shot the reindeer with an arrow in the chin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shot	shoot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | past | the bear | the reindeer |  | the chin |  | with a arrow | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent reindeer=Theme in chin=Destination |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear shot the reindeer in the chin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1243-pg3282-part44:e4:o3:1
# text = The bear shot the reindeer in the chin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shot	shoot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | past | the bear | the reindeer |  | the chin |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent reindeer=Theme in chin=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox marked it with pitch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1243-pg3282-part44:e4:o4:1
# text = The fox marked it with pitch
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	marked	mark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mark** | past | the fox | it |  |  |  | with pitch | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with pitch=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear:…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1243-pg3282-part44/e3/)
- next →: [Far North Tales, The Fox and the Reind…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1244-pg3282-part45/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Far North tales, The Fox and the Bear: the fox tricks the bear into a fire, then cheats a Lapp of his reindeer.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1243-pg3282-part44/)