---
title: How does the narrator describe the transformation of the landscape b… — Fairy Tales, Rübezahl, part 50: the gn… · tree and pragmatics
description: How does the narrator describe the transformation of the landscape between the gnome's first and second visits above ground? Exam question 4 of lesson 1249 «Fairy Tales, Rübezahl, part 50: the gnome sees men settle his hills and serves three masters» of the books course of Mova's primary school, wit
---

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# Exam question 4 · Fairy Tales, Rübezahl, part 50: the gnome sees men settle…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How does the narrator describe the transformation of the landscape between the gnome's first and second visits above ground?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** narrator, gnome · **What happens:** describe, transform, visit · **To what, where:** transformation, landscape, ground

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1249 «Fairy Tales, Rübezahl, part 50: the gnome sees men settle his hills and serves three masters» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1249-pg3282-part50/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1249-pg3282-part50:e4:1
# text = How does the narrator describe the transformation of the landscape between the gnome's first and second visits above ground?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	narrator	narrator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	describe	describe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	transformation	transformation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	landscape	landscape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	between	between	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	gnome	gnome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	18	amod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	conj	_	_
18	visits	visit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
19	above	above	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present · do-support | the narrator | the transformation of the landscape between the gnome's first visits above ground |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent transformation=Theme |
| 2 | **transform** |  |  | the landscape between the gnome's first visits above ground |  |  |  |  | nom transformation «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **visit** |  | the gnome |  |  | ground |  |  | nom visit «act transitive»: poss=agent above=place |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New farms replaced the old forests.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1249-pg3282-part50:e4:o1:1
# text = New farms replaced the old forests.
1	New	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	replaced	replace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | past | New farms | the old forests |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme forest=Co-Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hills were flattened.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1249-pg3282-part50:e4:o2:1
# text = The hills were flattened.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	flattened	flatten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flatten** | past · passive |  | the hills |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dark woods were hewn down and replaced by orchards and cottages.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1249-pg3282-part50:e4:o3:1
# text = The dark woods were hewn down and replaced by orchards and cottages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	orchards	orchard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	cottages	cottage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn down** | past · passive |  | the dark woods |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **replace** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by orchards and cottages | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees were planted.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1249-pg3282-part50:e4:o4:1
# text = Trees were planted.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	planted	plant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past · passive |  | Trees |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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