---
title: What is the principal reason given by the peris for the transformati… — Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and o… · tree and pragmatics
description: What is the principal reason given by the peris for the transformation of Wali Dâd's circumstances? Exam question 2 of lesson 1258 «Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and of a Mischievous Monkey, part 59: the clever tortoise tricks an elephant and a whale into a tug-of-war» of the books course of Mova
---

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# Exam question 2 · Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and of a Mischievous Monk…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the principal reason given by the peris for the transformation of Wali Dâd's circumstances?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** be, give, transform · **To what, where:** principal reason, circumstances

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1258 «Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and of a Mischievous Monkey, part 59: the clever tortoise tricks an elephant and a whale into a tug-of-war» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1258-pg3282-part59/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1258-pg3282-part59:e2:1
# text = What is the principal reason given by the peris for the transformation of Wali Dâd's circumstances?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	peris	peris	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	transformation	transformation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	Wali	Wali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Dâd	Dâd	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  | the principal reason *not said here* |  |  |  | by the peris; for the transformation of Wali Dâd's circumstances | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent for transformation=Asset |
| 3 | **transform** |  |  | Wali Dâd's circumstances |  |  |  |  | nom transformation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He pleased the peris with his humble prayers.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1258-pg3282-part59:e2:o1:1
# text = He pleased the peris with his humble prayers.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	peris	peris	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The simple-hearted are rewarded by divine benevolence.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1258-pg3282-part59:e2:o2:1
# text = The simple-hearted are rewarded by divine benevolence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	hearted	heart	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	rewarded	reward	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	benevolence	benevolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heart** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reward** | present · passive | divine benevolence |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Divine favour fell upon him for his patience.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1258-pg3282-part59:e2:o3:1
# text = Divine favour fell upon him for his patience.
1	Divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	patience	patience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | Divine favour |  |  |  |  | upon him *= he*; for favour's patience | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon he=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kindness brings him wealth.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1258-pg3282-part59:e2:o4:1
# text = Kindness brings him wealth.
1	Kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | Kindness | wealth | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination wealth=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and o…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1258-pg3282-part59/e1/)
- next →: [Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and o…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1258-pg3282-part59/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Indian Tales, Tale of a Tortoise and of a Mischievous Monkey, part 59: the clever tortoise tricks an elephant and a whale into a tug-of-war](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1258-pg3282-part59/)