---
title: In this passage, which animal outwits the puma by refusing to carry… — South American Tales, The Puma and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: In this passage, which animal outwits the puma by refusing to carry out his instructions and upsetting the blood bowl? Exam question 1 of lesson 1261 «South American Tales, The Puma and the Monkey, part 62: the puma tricks the stag, the stag is framed for theft, the monkey outwits the puma» of the b
---

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# Exam question 1 · South American Tales, The Puma and the Monkey, part 62: th…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In this passage, which animal outwits the puma by refusing to carry out his instructions and upsetting the blood bowl?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** animal · **What happens:** outwit, refuse, not carry out, upset, instruct · **To what, where:** puma, instructions, blood bowl

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1261 «South American Tales, The Puma and the Monkey, part 62: the puma tricks the stag, the stag is framed for theft, the monkey outwits the puma» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1261-pg3282-part62/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1261-pg3282-part62:e1:1
# text = In this passage, which animal outwits the puma by refusing to carry out his instructions and upsetting the blood bowl?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	6	det	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	outwits	outwit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	puma	puma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	refusing	refuse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	upsetting	upset	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outwit** | present | which animal | the puma |  |  |  | in this passage | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot puma=Theme in passage=Attribute |
| 2 | **refuse** | gerund | which animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **carry out** | to-infinitive | which animal *not said here* | animal's instructions |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Eventuality |
| 4 | **upset** | gerund | which animal *not said here* | the blood bowl |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bowl=Experiencer |
| 5 | **instruct** |  | animal |  |  |  |  |  | nom instruction «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stag

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1261-pg3282-part62:e1:o1:1
# text = The stag
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stag	stag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monkey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1261-pg3282-part62:e1:o2:1
# text = The monkey
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1261-pg3282-part62:e1:o3:1
# text = The dog
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The workers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1261-pg3282-part62:e1:o4:1
# text = The workers
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [South American Tales, The Puma and the…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1261-pg3282-part62/t12/)
- next →: [South American Tales, The Puma and the…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1261-pg3282-part62/e2/)
- ↑ back to [South American Tales, The Puma and the Monkey, part 62: the puma tricks the stag, the stag is framed for theft, the monkey outwits the puma](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1261-pg3282-part62/)