--- title: Which of the following is the protagonist's principal reason for ref… — Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23:… · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following is the protagonist's principal reason for refusing to land at each place? Exam question 4 of lesson 1298 «Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to sea and sails round the world in a dream» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to… Which of the following is the protagonist's principal reason for refusing to land at each place? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, be, refuse, not land · **To what, where:** place This is exam question 4 of lesson 1298 «Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to sea and sails round the world in a dream» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1298-pg3454-part23/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1298-pg3454-part23:e4:1 # text = Which of the following is the protagonist's principal reason for refusing to land at each place? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 case _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 protagonist protagonist NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 8 's 's PART POS _ 7 case _ _ 9 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 11 for for SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 12 refusing refuse VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 land land VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ _ 15 at at ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 17 det _ _ 17 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ? ? PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | of the protagonist's principal reason | tree rules | | 3 | **refuse** | gerund | | | | | | | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **not** **land** | to-infinitive | | | | each place | | | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} He had heard stories that each place was full of beasts, whales, and heat, so he decided that he would rather remain on the ship. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1298-pg3454-part23:e4:o1:1 # text = He had heard stories that each place was full of beasts, whales, and heat, so he decided that he would rather remain on the ship. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 6 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 acl:relcl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 so so ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 decided decide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 22 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 23 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 rather rather ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 remain remain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 ccomp _ _ 26 on on ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 ship ship NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past · perfect | He | stories | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus | | 2 | **is** | past | stories | | | | | of beasts and whales and heat; full *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **decide** | past | he | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **remain** | would | he | | | the ship | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ship=Location | ### Option 2 {#o2} He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, heat, and cold, and he simply wanted to stay in Europe with his family and home. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1298-pg3454-part23:e4:o2:1 # text = He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, heat, and cold, and he simply wanted to stay in Europe with his family and home. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 dangers danger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 11 case _ _ 10 as as ADP IN _ 9 fixed _ _ 11 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 simply simply ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 wanted want VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 28 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fear** | past | He | the dangers of each place and beasts and whales and heat | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer danger=Stimulus | | 2 | **want** | past | he | | | | | simply *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 3 | **stay** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | he *not said here* | | | Europe | | with Europe's family and home | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location | ### Option 3 {#o3} He worried that the captain would punish him for leaving the ship early. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1298-pg3454-part23:e4:o3:1 # text = He worried that the captain would punish him for leaving the ship early. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 worried worry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 that that SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 captain captain NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 punish punish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 8 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ 9 for for SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 10 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 ship ship NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 early early ADV RB Degree=Pos 10 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **worry** | past | He | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **punish** | would | the captain | him *= he* | | | | | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | | 3 | **leave** | gerund | the captain *not said here* | the ship | | | | early *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, and heat. ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1298-pg3454-part23:e4:o4:1 # text = He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, and heat. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 dangers danger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 11 case _ _ 10 as as ADP IN _ 9 fixed _ _ 11 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fear** | past | He | the dangers of each place and beasts and whales | | | | heat *obl* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer danger=Stimulus | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23:…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/e3/) - next →: [Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23:…, exam 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/e5/) - ↑ back to [Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to sea and sails round the world in a dream](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/)